Which statement best expresses animism?

Animism is a belief system that posits that all natural objects and the environment possess a spiritual essence or soul. This perspective emphasizes the interconnectedness of all living and non-living things, suggesting that elements such as trees, rivers, animals, and rocks are not merely material entities but are imbued with a spirit or life force. This understanding fosters a respectful and reciprocal relationship with nature, as it recognizes the intrinsic value and agency of all entities within the natural world.

The other statements do not align with the core tenets of animism. The statement that there is no god would suggest a rejection of spiritual beliefs altogether, which is contrary to the animistic view where spirits inhabit natural forms. The notion of many gods generally aligns with polytheism, which represents a specific theological framework distinct from animism. Finally, the idea of a single divine personal being pertains to monotheistic religions and does not encapsulate the animistic appreciation for multiple spirits or life forces inherent in nature.