What characterizes religious fundamentalism?

Religious fundamentalism is characterized by strict adherence to specific doctrines and beliefs. This approach often involves a literal interpretation of sacred texts and a rejection of more liberal or modern interpretations that might adapt to changing ethical and social norms. Fundamentalists typically seek to preserve what they perceive as the essential truths of their faith in the face of perceived threats from modernity, secularism, or pluralism.

In this context, the other options do not align with the defining traits of fundamentalism. A progressive interpretation of religious texts suggests openness to evolving interpretations, which contrasts with the inflexible adherence inherent to fundamentalism. Acceptance of modern secular values would also imply a willingness to adapt beliefs to the contemporary world, which is antithetical to fundamentalist views that prioritize traditional beliefs and practices. Lastly, a focus on interfaith dialogue promotes engagement and understanding among different religious traditions, often fostering flexibility and adaptability, which is contrary to the exclusivity often observed in fundamentalist ideologies.